# Eindexamen Engels HAVO 2021 tijdvak 1

> Openbaar eindexamen. Bekijk en oefen het examen: https://slimmeexamens.nl/examens/havo/engels/2021/tijdvak-1

## Vragen in dit examen

### Vraag 1 – Opgave 1

### Vraag 2 – Opgave 2

### Vraag 3 – Opgave 3

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## Opgaven (tekst van het examen)

### Pagina 1

Examen HAVO
2021
tijdvak 1
dinsdag 18 mei
13.30 - 16.00 uur
Engels

Bij dit examen horen een bijlage en een antwoordblad.
Beantwoord alle vragen op het antwoordblad.

Dit examen bestaat uit 42 vragen.
Voor dit examen zijn maximaal 46 punten te behalen.
Voor elk vraagnummer staat hoeveel punten met een goed antwoord behaald
kunnen worden.

Geef niet meer antwoorden (zinnen, redenen, voorbeelden e.d.) dan er worden
gevraagd. Als er bijvoorbeeld één zin wordt gevraagd en je antwoordt met meer dan
één zin, dan wordt alleen de eerste zin in de beoordeling meegeteld.

HA-1002-a-21-1-o

### Pagina 2

Let op: beantwoord een open vraag altijd in het Nederlands, behalve als het anders is aangegeven. Als je in het Engels antwoordt, levert dat 0 punten op.

Tekst 1 A waiter's excuse for being rude

1p 1 "A waiter sacked" (paragraph 1)
Which of the following becomes clear from the tribunal hearing about this sacking?
A Canadians do not seem to appreciate the way in which French waiters do their job.
B French hospitality personnel have better legal rights than their Canadian counterparts.
C It is impossible for foreign employees to adjust to Canadian work standards and ethics.

1p 2 How does paragraph 4 relate to the first part of this text?
A It highlights the fact that the dismissal of the waiter was illegal.
B It makes clear that Canadians know little about France.
C It makes fun of how people think about the French.
D It provides context for the explanation offered by the waiter.

Tekst 2 Human and pet health-cost trends are strikingly similar

1p 3 "government meddling" (paragraph 1)
Which of the following is an example of 'government meddling'?
A "Digging through household survey data" (paragraph 2)
B "spending on pet health care" (paragraph 2)
C "regulation" (paragraph 3)
D "health care trends" (paragraph 3)

1p 4 Geef van de volgende stijlfiguren aan of de schrijver deze heeft gebruikt in dit artikel.
Noteer 'wel' of 'niet' achter elk nummer op het antwoordblad.
1 overdrijving
2 woordspeling

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Tekst 3 Social mobility
1p 5 Which of the following letters presents the same argument as Steve McMahon uses in his letter?
A Letters defending private schools or even portraying them as agents for social mobility must surely be part of the new trend for fake news? The headmistress of James Allen’s Girls’ School gives us a heartrending account of the struggles of her mother sending her off to private education on the back of her work in the school kitchen. She probably has few pupils in her school with mothers currently in such employment. Finding the upwards sum of an extra £10k a year from the wages of a kitchen help would be laughable.
Joan Errington,
East Grinstead, West Sussex
B Promoting social mobility through public schools being seen as positive is in itself problematic. In an unequal society someone climbing the social ladder sends someone down. Greater social equality, without rank being set by those already privileged, would enable all people being respected for their abilities and contribution to society.
Roy Grimwood,
Market Drayton, Shropshire
C When I attended James Allen’s Girls’ School (Jags) in the 1950s at least half the pupils post-11 were paid for by the local authority. The remaining half had to pay fees. There was some genuine social mobility with many girls going on to successful careers. But nowadays Jags is a part of the very small but extremely powerful private sector in this country. It is naive to think that schools that are so richly resourced and as selective as Jags enhance social mobility.
Liz Armstrong,
Hadfield, Derbyshire
Tekst 4 Cheers and jeers for the end of Crain’s comments section
2p 6 Geef van de volgende beweringen aan of ze genoemd worden door Crain’s Chicago Business als reden om dit te doen. Noteer ‘wel’ of ‘niet’ achter elk nummer op het antwoordblad.
1 Ze hebben te weinig personeel om de commentaren goed te beheren.
2 Ze lijden reputatieschade door de negatieve commentaren.
3 Ze vrezen dat de site te gemakkelijk gehackt kan worden.
4 Ze willen minder gebruik gaan maken van sociale media.

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### Pagina 4

Drie personen geven een reactie op de mededeling van *Crain's Chicago Business*.
1 Scott S.
2 Brian White
3 Mary Brigid O'Toole
7 Geef van elke persoon aan welke bewering bij hem of haar past.
Noteer de letter van de bewering achter het nummer op het antwoordblad.
Let op: er blijven twee beweringen over.
a *Crain's Chicago Business* has shifted responsibility without addressing the problem.
b *Crain's Chicago Business* is throwing away something that is quite valuable.
c Life is easier when its less pleasant elements are ignored.
d Verbal abuse, though sometimes very unpleasant, is essentially harmless.
e When you are losing grip on the situation it is advisable to hand over control to experts.

Tekst 5 *On Lebanon's coast, a garbage dump grows*

8 How is the topic of Lebanon's garbage problem introduced in paragraph 1?
A by blaming the government for the state of affairs
B by comparing the past with the present situation
C by presenting the writers' viewpoint on the matter
D by stressing how it is harming the global environment

9 Geef van de onderstaande mogelijke gevolgen van de locatie van de vuilnisbelt aan of ze worden genoemd in alinea 2 en/of 3.
Noteer 'wel' of 'niet' achter elk nummer op het antwoordblad.
1 De aantrekkelijkheid van Beiroet voor toeristen wordt aangetast.
2 Vogels worden ziek omdat ze daar ongezonde etensresten vinden.

10 "The garbage problem has long been a symbol of a failure of Lebanese politics” (paragraph 5)
What role did the civil war play with reference to this problem?
A It caused an unexpected growth in the Lebanese population.
B It led to the improvement of the Lebanese infrastructure.
C It motivated people to try and make the world a better place.
D It resulted in a political climate that is still rather dysfunctional.

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### Pagina 5

1p 11 Which of the following fits the gap in paragraph 5?
A blocked
B boosted
C facilitated
D justified

1p 12 Which of the following can be concluded about Habib Battah, judging from paragraph 6?
A He advises the Lebanese government on matters of global political importance.
B He believes authorities should be involved in providing essential facilities.
C He is confident that the garbage issue now has top priority for the government.
D He strongly supports involving commercial stakeholders in important decisions.

Tekst 6 Down the YouTubes

1p 13 What is the point made about ‘Influencers’ in paragraphs 1 and 2?
A They are committed to their followers and want to do good.
B They are grateful that the internet has made them less self-conscious.
C They are self-centred and produce books with identical storylines.
D They are vulnerable youngsters who are trying to avoid attention.

"This creates a problem, however, when it comes to promoting a book" (paragraph 3)

1p 14 What is the problem for these ‘Influencers’?
A They actually have nothing new to tell.
B They are used to earning money easily.
C They have followers who clearly dislike reading.
D They lack the patience for doing market research.

1p 15 Which of the following fits the gap in paragraph 4?
A denies herself
B falls back on
C is ignorant about
D makes fun of

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2p 16 Geef van de volgende citaten uit alinea 2 tot en met 5 aan of deze
ironisch bedoeld zijn door de schrijver van het artikel.
Noteer 'wel' of 'niet' achter elk nummer op het antwoordblad.
1 "in an astonishing turnaround" (alinea 2)
2 "This creates a problem, however, when it comes to promoting a book"
(alinea 3)
3 "she has 50m followers who might buy it" (alinea 4)
4 "She then embarks on a protracted aside" (alinea 5)

"(failing to note that she is metaphorically squeezing one out too)"
(paragraph 6)

1p 17 What is the function of this remark?
The writer wants to
A express how much he/she dislikes the book written by Melanie
Murphy.
B give an example of the topics Melanie Murphy discusses in her book.
C make clear why he/she admires Melanie Murphy's honesty and
openness.
D point out that some bits in Melanie Murphy's book are quite distasteful.

1p 18 Which conclusion about Influencers do paragraphs 7 and 8 lead up to?
A They are mainly driven by financial gain and not worthy of attention.
B They are talented but tend to overexpose themselves in the media.
C They have an important role in this world dominated by technology.
D They lack the skills to keep audiences interested in them for long.

Tekst 7 Beware the robot revolution

1p 19 "automation has created more jobs than it has destroyed" (alinea 1)
Welke zin verderop in de tekst is inhoudelijk een herhaling van deze
bewering?
Citeer de eerste twee woorden van deze zin.

1p 20 Which of the following becomes clear from paragraph 2?
A Low-skilled employees have to work more hours per week than people
working in technology.
B New jobs appear in different places than where automation causes
unemployment.
C People whose jobs are taken over by a machine suffer from a loss of
self-esteem.
D Workers who are laid off receive too little support when looking for
new employment.

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### Pagina 7

1p 21 Which of the following fits the gap in paragraph 3?
A arbitrary
B gradual
C rapid
D serious

1p 22 Which of the following fits the gap in paragraph 4?
A expertise
B immobility
C inequality
D inflation
E maintenance

1p 23 What is the main point made in paragraphs 4 and 5?
A Authorities should focus more on the labour force instead of striving for economic progress.
B If you take into account money spent on upkeep, robots are just slightly more cost-effective than people.
C It is more profitable to switch to a technology-based industry than is generally acknowledged.
D The manufacturing industry will suffer if too many people lose their jobs as a result of robotics.

Tekst 8 Here and back again

1p 24 Why does the writer mention Black Friday (paragraph 1)?
A to convince readers that it is the best day for online bargains
B to explain why it is financially attractive to online retailers
C to have a starting point for an analysis of online shopping
D to warn customers against the risks of online shopping

1p 25 Which of the following fits the gap in paragraph 2?
A even accounting for
B further supported by
C when investing in

1p 26 Which of the following best characterises paragraph 3?
A It explains why the writer dislikes shopping in regular stores so much.
B It makes clear why it is quite acceptable to return online purchases.
C It outlines how and why the writer developed certain shopping habits.
D It points out how online stores have influenced the fashion industry.

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### Pagina 8

1p 27 Which of the following fits the gap in paragraph 4?
A avoid
B dislike
C promote
D welcome

Online winkels maken ruilen of retourneren gemakkelijk, omdat ze dan meer verkopen, onder andere vanwege het “endowment effect” (alinea 4).
1p 28 Welk ander voordeel voor winkels van gemakkelijk ruilen of retourneren wordt in alinea 4 genoemd?
Geef antwoord in het Nederlands.

"The ease of returns is probably making me order more stuff” (alinea 5)
1p 29 Welke eerdere zin in de tekst is inhoudelijk een herhaling van deze bewering?
Citeer de eerste twee woorden van deze zin.

Tekst 9 Revenge is a dish better left unmade

1p 30 What is said about revenge in paragraph 1?
A It is a genetically in-built reflex that is increasingly relevant in today’s world.
B It is a relic from the past that seems to be disappearing from modern life.
C It is a safeguard that helps individuals survive the harsh realities of society.
D It is an innate mechanism that was once useful to maintain social stability.

1p 31 What is the function of paragraph 2?
A to downplay the findings from paragraph 1 by quoting current research
B to question what is said in paragraph 1 and introduce alternative views
C to relate paragraph 1 to the insights presented later in the text
D to stress the relevance of the hypothesis mentioned in paragraph 1

1p 32 Which of the following fits the gap in paragraph 4?
A ethical aspects
B paradoxical consequences
C social acceptability
D substantial benefits
E theoretical limitations

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### Pagina 9

In alinea 3 tot en met 6 worden de volgende wetenschappers genoemd:
1 David Chester (alinea 3)
2 Timothy Wilson (alinea 4)
3 Beverly Engel (alinea 5)
4 Michael McCullough (alinea 6)
2p 33 Geef van elke persoon aan welke uitspraak het best bij hem of haar past.
Noteer de letter van de uitspraak achter het nummer op het antwoordblad.
Let op: er blijven twee uitspraken over.
a A focus on revenge can result in an unhealthy obsession.
b An act of revenge can restore the balance in a relationship.
c A reconciliation is often preferable to a prolonged conflict.
d Refraining from revenge can help us find a new perspective on events.
e Revenge will only bring temporary relief.
f Striking out at an enemy is both risky and deeply satisfying.

Tekst 10 Hot talk-show

1p 34 What becomes clear from paragraph 1 about Charlize Theron's
appearance in Hot Ones?
A She demonstrated how skilled an actress she is.
B She refused to talk at the end of the interview.
C She used foul language when being interviewed.
D She was angry for being treated disrespectfully.

1p 35 "Guests on Hot Ones, (...), regularly freak out" (alinea 2)
In welke alinea verderop in de tekst wordt een voorbeeld van dit soort
extreem gedrag van een gast genoemd?
Noteer het nummer van deze alinea.

1p 36 "to knock our celebrity guests off their PR-driven flight pattern" (alinea 4)
Leg uit in het Nederlands wat met deze zin bedoeld wordt.
Let op: een letterlijke vertaling van het citaat levert geen scorepunt op.

1p 37 Which of the following fits the gap in paragraph 6?
A because
B but
C provided
D so

Let op: de laatste vragen van dit examen staan op de volgende pagina.

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1p 38 Which of the following subtitles matches the content of this article?
A Because variety is the spice of life
B Spread your wings and fly away
C When sauce becomes a truth serum
D Where nobody dares to chicken out
E Why we want to sit in the hot spot

Tekst 11 Ruthin school

These two letters are a reaction to an earlier article.
1p 39 What was the title of that article?
A Ruthin School abolishes all sex education lessons
B Ruthin School bans pupils from having relationships
C Ruthin School forbids the use of first names in the classroom
D Ruthin School tells staff to refuse friendship requests from pupils

Tekst 12 Hostel Celica, Ljubljana, Slovenia

1p 40 Which of the following fits the gap in the text?
A displaying local and multicultural customs
B housing its guests in a choice of themed rooms
C revealing the political ideology of its owners
D showcasing the marks of its sinister past
E stressing the roughness of its grim exterior

Lees bij de volgende opgaven steeds eerst de vraag voordat je de bijbehorende tekst raadpleegt.

Tekst 13 Ready player one

“Despite a relatively near-future setting, Steven Spielberg’s adaptation of the book Ready Player One doesn’t feel like the sci-fi film that’s been advertised." (eerste zin)
1p 41 Welke zin verdoep in deze tekst geeft voor het eerst een onderbouwing voor deze uitspraak?
Citeer de eerste twee woorden van deze zin.
1p 42 Welke persoon krijgt van de recensent de meeste lof voor deze film?
Noteer de naam van deze persoon.

Bronvermelding
Een opsomming van de in dit examen gebruikte bronnen, zoals teksten en afbeeldingen, is te vinden in het bij dit examen behorende correctievoorschrift, dat na afloop van het examen wordt gepubliceerd.
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